|
Seed crop field disease inspection program
|
|
|
Article Content
|
 |
| Introduction |
|
The Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) provides seed crop field disease inspection services for the international marketing of Oregon seed products. Many foreign countries require phytosanitary certificates attesting that fields from which seed was produced were officially inspected during the growing season and found free from certain diseases. Without official inspections, these crops would not be eligible for a Federal Phytosanitary Certificate and could not legally be exported to many international markets. The ODA Seed Crop Field Disease Inspection Program is entirely voluntary; seed companies and growers are requesting assistance to meet the phytosanitary requirements for their international customers. As USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service's official cooperator in Oregon, the ODA provides this service to growers and seed companies upon request. Applications should be submitted to the department for seed lots intended for export.
|
| Application |
|
Instruction and forms: Inspection services are provided upon request of seed companies planning export of their Oregon-grown seed crops. The companies are responsible for filling out the appropriate information on the application form and must complete one form for each field to be inspected. Applications are online and fillable forms can be emailed at a companies request.
Field maps: Hand-drawn maps or good quality computer generated maps showing field locations are also required so inspection personnel can find the fields. Maps must include the name of the nearest main road. If a field is not visible from a main road, please include GPS coordinates. Companies must notify growers that the official inspection(s) will be taking place. Failure to notify the growers may lead to a delay in inspection.
Application deadlines: Applications for fall planted crops should be submitted by April 1, and for spring planted crops by May 1 or two weeks post-planting to guarantee timely inspections of fields. Bean fields in Malheur County are due by July 1.
Pest lists: Pests inspected routinely for each crop are listed below by crop. The pests listed can be seed-borne or seed-associated and are those of phytosanitary concern to most countries. Any pest that is not on the default inspection list needs prior approval from the ODA before inspection takes place. Official documentation from a foreign government describing the new pest concern must be provided to the ODA. Do not list default pests on the application. Pest lists are updated yearly based on the best current information available.
Fees: Fees have been set forth by the OAR 603-056-315 to offset costs of the inspections and program administration. The charges for seed field inspections are $6.50 per acre for each field inspected with a minimum fee of $50 per field and a maximum fee of $450 per field. The fee for processing all applications for field inspection is $3 per application; this includes applications for inspecting bean seed fields for certification planting in Malheur County. The fee for inspecting bean seed fields for certification for replanting in Malheur County is set at $3.50 per acre per inspection with a minimum per field charge of $30.
Late applications may be charged the established rate of time and mileage, which may be higher than the fees listed above.
Pesticide application reporting: After applications have been received, letters are sent to all seed company representatives informing them of upcoming inspection dates and requiring a signed statement of pesticide application activity during that time. Fields may not be entered for inspection prior to receipt of the signed statement. The letter states the following four options on the spray reporting form:
A. no pesticides to be applied;
B. sign will be posted with compound, formulation, the EPA registration number, and the time and date sprayed at the main entry points to the field;
C. pesticides might be applied and someone will notify the ODA by phone (503-986-4620) or fax (503-986-4737) at least 24 hours before application; and,
D. the following pesticides will be applied (with spaces provided on the form for listing the requested information).
Once all forms are returned, field inspectors will finalize their inspection schedules. Please keep in mind, field inspectors must comply with mandated re-entry intervals for fields treated with pesticides.
|
| General inspection procedures |
|
Sanitation: Inspectors will use the following guidelines to avoid moving pests between fields. Soil adhering to boots and clothing can carry pests or pathogens such as noxious weeds, nematodes, fungi, or bacteria.
-
If possible, inspectors will avoid entering wet fields
-
Inspectors will remove soil from boots, clothes, and equipment before entering a new field.
-
Avoid driving in fields by keeping to paved roads and to farm roads.
Field inspection procedures: Fields are visually inspected according to Phytosanitary Inspection Procedures, the National Seed Health System (NSHS), and USDA.
Sampling and testing: Fields with any suspicious pests will be sampled and taken to the ODA Plant Health Lab for further examination. If special tests are necessary to confirm the pests, additional fees may be assessed. The ODA will notify the company before any tests requiring additional fees are conducted.
Field inspection reporting: Applicant will be notified as soon as possible if a field has a reportable pest. When all field inspections are complete at the end of the season, reports are sent to the applicants listing any pests on our inspection lists that were detected. All reports should be mailed by October 1 if inspections were conducted before August 31. Please inform the ODA if reports are required sooner for crops harvested in early summer; we will mail these reports as soon as we are notified.
|
| Contact us |
|
If you need assistance, please contact:
-
Steve Finch, Program Assistant, 503-986-4620 (questions regarding new accounts, billing, applications, reports, and letters upon request)
-
Robin Ludy, Plant Disease Program Specialist, 503-986-4658 (questions regarding field inspections, diseases of concern, applications, scheduling, and spray reports)
-
Shawn Meng, Plant Pathologist, 503-986-4661 (questions regarding field inspections, diseases of concern, scheduling, spray reports, inspection results, and other details)
|
| Pest and disease list |
|
Allium crops
Including onion, leek, and garlic are inspected from May to July. The following table includes pests routinely inspected for:
| Pest |
Disease
|
Alternaria porri
|
purple blotch
|
Aphelenchoides fragariae
|
bud nematode
|
Botrytis byssoidea
|
neck rot of onion
|
Botrytis porri & B. allii (B. aclada)
|
neck rot/scape blight
|
| Colletotrichum circinans (C. dematium s. circinans) |
smudge |
Ditylenchus dipsaci
|
stem nematode
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae
|
basal plate rot
|
Onion yellow dwarf virus
|
|
Peronospora destructor
|
downy mildew
|
Puccinia porri, P. aspaaragi
|
rust |
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
|
white mold, sclerotinia rot
|
Sclerotinium cepivorum
|
white rot
|
Urocystis cepulae (U. colchica, U. magica)
|
smut |
Beans
Beans are inspected from July to August. Beans in Malheur County require additional inspections according to the Bean Disease Control Area Order 603-052-0385. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for:
Brassica
Including cabbage, kale, mustard, and tatsoi, are inspected May and June. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for:
Pest
|
Disease |
Alternaria brassicae (A. herculea)
|
leaf spot
|
Alternaria brassicicola (A. circinans)
|
leaf spot
|
Alternaria japonica (A. raphani)
|
black spot
|
Colletotrichum higginsianum
|
anthracnose |
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans
|
yellows |
Leptosphaeria maculans (Phoma lingam)
|
blackleg |
Mycosphaerella brassicicola
|
ring spot
|
Plasmodiophora brassicae
|
club root
|
Pseudomaonas syringae pv. maculicola
|
peppery leaf spot
|
Pseudomonas viridiflava
|
bacterial leaf blight of tomato
|
Rhizoctonia solani
|
bottom rot
|
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
|
white rot
|
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
|
black rot
|
Carrots
Carrots are inspected from July to August. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for.
Pest
|
Disease
|
Alternaria dauci (A. porri f.sp. dauci)
|
leaf spot
|
Alternaria radicina (Stemphylium radicinum)
|
black rot
|
Cercospora carotae
|
leaf blight
|
Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (E.c. subsp. atroseptica)
|
bacterial soft rot
|
Pythium spp.
|
brown or rusty root
|
Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae (Xanthomonas campestris pv. carotae)
|
bacterial leaf blight
|
Clover
Clover is inspected in June or 2-3 weeks post spring cutting or removal of pasturing animals. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for:
Corn
Corn is inspected from July to September. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for:
| Pest |
Disease
|
Burkholderia andropogonis (Pseudomonas andropogonis)
|
bacterial leaf stripe
|
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis
|
Goss's wilt
|
Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Bipolaris maydis, Helminthosporium maydis)
|
Southern corn leaf blight
|
Gibberella zeae
|
Giberella stalk & ear rot
|
High plains virus
|
|
Maize chlorotic mottle virus
|
|
Maize dwarf mosaic virus
|
|
Pantoea stewartii (Erwinia stewartii)
|
Stewart's wilt
|
Peronosclerospora sorghi
|
Sorghum downy mildew
|
Sclerophthora macrospora
|
crazy top
|
Sphacelotheca reiliana
|
head smut
|
Stenocarpella spp. (Diplodia spp.)
|
ear rot/stalk rot
|
Ustilago maydis
|
common smut
|
| Wheat stalk mosaic virus |
|
Peas
Peas are inspected from June to July depending on their planting and harvest dates. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for:
Pest
|
Disease
|
Ascochyta pisi
|
basal stem rot
|
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi
|
pea wilt
|
Pea enation mosaic virus
|
|
Pea seed-borne nosaic virus
|
|
Peronospora viciae
|
downy mildew
|
Phoma pinodella (Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella)
|
leaf spot of pea
|
Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi
|
bacterial blight
|
Radishes
Radishes are inspected from June to July. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for.
Pest
|
Disease |
Alternaria brassicae (A. herculea)
|
leaf spot |
| Alternaria brassicicola (A.circinans) |
leaf spot
|
Alternaria japonica (A. raphani)
|
leaf spot
|
Colletotrichum higginsianum
|
anthracnose |
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans
|
yellows |
Leptosphaeria maculans (Phoma lingam)
|
blackleg |
Mycosphaerella brassicicola
|
ringspot |
Plasmodiophora brassicae
|
clubroot |
Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola
|
peppery leaf spot
|
Pseudomonas viridiflava
|
bacterial leaf blight of tomato
|
Rhizoctonia solani
|
bottom rot
|
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
|
white mold/stem rot
|
Spinach
Spinach is inspectd in June. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for:
Pest
|
Disease |
Cladosporium spp.
|
leaf spot
|
Colletotrichum dematium f. sp. spinaciae
|
anthracnose |
Cucumber mosaic virus
|
|
Ditylenchus dipsaci
|
stem nematode
|
Peronospora farinosa
|
downy mildew
|
Pleospora betae (Phoma betae)
|
leaf spot
|
Verticillium dahliae
|
Verticilium wilt
|
Sunflowers
Sunflowers are inspected from July to August. The following table includes pests and diseases routinely inspected for:
Pest
|
Disease |
Alternaria helianthi
|
leaf blight
|
Alternaria zinniea
|
leaf spot
|
Diaporthe helianthi
|
stem canker
|
Plasmopara halstedii
|
downy mildew
|
Pseudomonas syringae pv. helianthi
|
bacterial leaf spot
|
Pseudomaonas syringae pv. aptata
|
|
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis
|
leaf spot |
Septoria helianthi
|
leaf spot
|
Sunflower mosaic virus
|
|
Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum
|
wilt |
updated 3-16-2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|