- What are the agricultural water quality rules?Agricultural water quality rules vary by management area. You can find the rules in your area by using the interactive map.
- Where can I go for help to ensure I am in compliance with the agricultural water quality rules or to fix an existing problem?Your local Soil and Water Conservation District can help with agricultural water quality issues. Find your local Soil and Water Conservation District using the interactive map.
- What methods might I use to improve water quality?As an example, farmers with soil erosion problems are responsible for finding and implementing erosion prevention and sediment control methods to fit the farming operation. Methods might include planting cover crops on sloping lands, using conservation tillage, or providing a buffer of streamside vegetation. The choices are up to the operator as long as the goals set out in the overall Agricultural Water Quality Management rules are met. Most area plans include a list of best management practices appropriate for the region.
- What happens if a farm or ranch operator ignores a water-quality problem?It is ODA's intent to work with producers to correct problems. Education and technical assistance is the focus of efforts by ODA and local SWCDs. There may be situations that require corrective action by operators. In cases when a farmer refuses to take action, the law allows ODA to use civil penalties, if necessary, to resolve the issue.
- Are all of the ag water quality area plans and rules completed?Each set of area plans and area rules are reviewed and open for public comment every two years.
- What are some of the benefits of the AgWQM Act?It provides a mechanism for agriculture to address water issues in watersheds identified as water quality limited; it maintains flexibility for landowners to address site specific issues to meet overall water quality goals; it promotes coordinated planning and avoids "one size fits all" approaches; it helps landowners and others understand the cumulative effects and benefits of individual actions; it provides a forum to summarize and present the actions being taken by agriculture to overcome water quality problems resulting from agricultural activities.
- How might my farm, ranch, or other agricultural activity contribute to water quality problems?Sediment from eroding croplands, pastures, and stream banks can cause silt in fish habitat and clog irrigation pipes. Erosion runoff from roads can degrade water quality. Pesticides and fertilizers from agricultural operations can enter waters used for drinking water, recreation, and fish and wildlife habitat. Bacteria and nutrient runoff from manure can pollute water used for drinking and recreation. Reducing streamside vegetation can increase bank erosion, destroy wildlife habitat, and contribute to increased water temperature that harms cold-water fish, as well as the insects they eat. Uncontrolled livestock access to streams can reduce streamside vegetation, erode streambanks and pollute water with manure.
- One of my livestock died on my ranch, what do I do?It happens everyday. A cow or horse dies unexpectedly. Owners of these animals need to know that there are sound and appropriate ways to dispose of the carcasses. Improper disposal of animal carcasses can pollute ground and surface water, and jeopardize the health of livestock, wildlife and pets. Carcass disposal must comply with Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) Chapter 601. Some counties also have their own disposal-related ordinances. A Large Animal Mortality brochure is available from the ODA publications page.
- I own a stable that boards horses and one of my clients hasn't paid his boarding fees. What are my options?Possessory chattel liens are liens where the creditor has the right to hold possession of the specific property until satisfaction of the debt or performance of an obligation. Claimants have the right to take possession of the chattel, notify the debtor of the charges due, and eventually foreclose to obtain satisfaction. Oregon Revised Statute Chapter 87 provides the authority for all liens, including the possessory and non-possessory chattel liens. The procedure for filing liens is outlined in the statute. ORS 87 is under the Secretary of State’s jurisdiction.
- Can I have an exotic animal as a pet?Importing exotic animals on the following list is not allowed: non-human primates, bears, non-indigenous canines (except domestic dogs), non-indigenous felines (except domestic cats), and crocodilians.
- Where do I report animal abuse or neglect?Call local law enforcement or Oregon Humane Society at 503-285-7722, Ext. 214.
- Will the State Veterinarian examine my pets?The State Veterinarian’s office does not examine pets. Licensed private veterinarians provide this service. A very handy “Find a Vet” online tool is available from the Oregon Veterinary Medical Association’s website.
- I want to travel to another state with my pets, what will they need?Contact the Animal Health Department of the state of destination for import requirements.
- I want to travel to another country with my pets, what will they need?For international travel contact the USDA International Pet Travel line at 360-753-9430.
- I want to travel into Oregon from abroad, what is required for pets to enter Oregon?Oregon’s import requirements for healthy dogs or cats entering Oregon from outside the US are: Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (health certificate) issued no more than 30 days before entry and vaccination status must be current for rabies. No formal quarantine period is required in most instances. For information, call 503-986-4680.
- Where can I find more information on the Wolf Depredation Program?Please visit the Internal Services and Consumer Protection page on wolf depredation.
- Where can I find more information on egg-laying hen compliance?Please visit the Internal Services and Consumer Protection page on egg-laying hens.
- How do I know whether I need a CAFO permit?A Livestock Water Quality Specialist can help you determine whether your farm needs a CAFO permit. Check the Livestock Water Quality Specialist map to find the specialist for your area.
- I am thinking of moving to Oregon to start a dairy farm. What are the environmental regulations?In Oregon, every dairy is required to have a Confined Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) permit. The CAFO program regulates the manure and process wastewater generated on the farm.
- How do I find out about active CAFO public notices?Sign up to receive email notification of all CAFO program public noticing opportunities.
- I am concerned about the way manure is being discharged at my neighbor's farm. Whom do I call?Please contact the Oregon Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Division immediately at (503) 986-4700.
- If I sell my farm, can I transfer my CAFO permit to the new owner?Each circumstance is unique so it is best to contact your Livestock Water Quality Specialist to know what will happen with your farm. If the facility is in compliance and the operation and maintenance of the farm is the same, the new owner can apply to receive the same number of permitted animals.
- How do I cancel my CAFO permit?Please contact your Livestock Water Quality Specialist immediately so he or she can set up a final facility inspection and complete the required documentation to cancel permit coverage.
- I want to compost on my farm, do I need to do anything with my CAFO permit?Composting may require your Agricultural Water Management Plan (AWMP) to be updated. Please contact your Livestock Water Quality Specialist to determine steps needed to maintain permit compliance.
- I want to build more manure storage. What do I need to do?Construction of manure storage facilities requires department approval in advance. Contact your Livestock Water Quality Specialist to determine what needs to be done before construction begins.
- When is the CAFO permit fee due?The annual CAFO permit fee is due June 30.
- When is my CAFO annual report due?The CAFO annual report is due to ODA by March 15.
- What is the definition of a Confined Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO)?"The concentrated feeding or holding of animals or poultry, including but not limited to horse, cattle, sheep, or swine feeding areas, dairy confinement areas, slaughterhouse or shipping terminal holding pens, poultry and egg production facilities and fur farms; (A) in buildings or in pens or lots where the surface has been prepared with concrete, rock or fibrous material to support animals in wet weather; (B) that have wastewater treatment works; or(C) that discharge any wastes into the waters of the state. "
- What are the consequences of not registering my CAFO?Any owner or operator of a CAFO operating without the permit is subject to a $500 civil penalty.
- I can't find my annual CAFO report, can I get another copy?The annual report is available online.
- Where can I find loans or grants for my farm?The grants, loans, and technical Assistance webpage identifies grants and loans available through a variety of sources.
- How can I talk with the agency director?Contact the Director's Office at: 503-986-4552
- I have a problem with my neighbor's farm practices. Where can I get help?You may want to consider mediation, which can be a good fit for many types of disputes involving farms.
- How do I file a complaint?Contact the appropriate program area to file a complaint or visit our complaints page.
- Where can I find employment opportunities?Oregon.gov job opportunities page. You'll find a link to jobs in the footer of ODA web pages.
- Where can I find contact information for ODA employees?You'll find a link to the Staff Directory in the footer of every ODA web page.
- When is the next Board of Agriculture meeting?You can find upcoming board meeting information on our website or through the data.oregon.gov public meetings calendar.
- I have a question and I'm not sure which office to call.Try our program directory or call the Information Office, 503-986-4550.
- I want to start a farm. Where do I begin?Look at the resources on ODA's New and Small Farms page to get started.
- I have misplaced my tractor training certification documentation. How do I get a copy of it?To obtain a copy of your tractor training certification documentation, please contact your tractor training instructor.
- How do I find schools interested in buying locally produced foods?Features over 30 fruit and vegetable categories as well as beef, poultry, pork, seafood, eggs, beans, grains, and dairy. When you search the Oregon Harvest for Schools Portal the only producers you’ll see in the directory are ones that have said they want to sell to schools. There is no login or profile needed.
- What locally produced foods are schools buying?Everything! Many farm to school efforts start with schools purchasing fresh fruits and vegetables directly from neighboring farmers. Schools want fresh and minimally processed fruits and vegetables, as well as multi-ingredient menu items. Increasingly, schools are interested in locally produced grains, beef, and seafood.
- How do schools define "local" for the purpose of buying local?It is at the discretion of each school to define local. In Oregon, some schools define local as within 20 miles, others within in the county, and some larger districts use "the Pacific Northwest" to include Oregon, and parts of Washington and Northern California.
- Are animals allowed in stores?Only service animals are allowed in stores.
- What is a service animal?A service animal is limited to a dog trained to perform tasks for a person with a disability.
- Can food be sold past expiration dates?Pull dates (expiration dates) are used for perishable foods and should ensure the consumer has adequate time to allow for normal consumption at home.
- Should I buy meat that has turned brown?Color changes might not mean the meat is spoiled, but if it has an off-odor, or is sticky, tacky, or slimy to the touch, it could be spoiled.
- I have a swollen or dented can; what does this mean?You should suspect contamination if the can is leaking, bulging or swollen, looks damaged or cracked, or seems abnormal. Do not use if it spurts liquid or foam, or if the food is discolored, moldy, or smells bad.
- Do workers that touch my food have to wear gloves?Oregon law does not require workers to wear gloves, but does require that ready-to-eat foods be prepared and served without bare hand contact. Wearing gloves is one acceptable method to prevent bare hand contact.
- Are all food workers required to have food handler cards?Food workers at ODA licensed establishments are not required to have food handler cards; however, it is recommended.
- How long can I keep eggs?Eggs are required to have “use by” or “sell by” dates, which usually are found on the bottom of the carton. The "sell by" date is 30 days and the "use by" date is 45 days after production.
- Can I consume a food past the expiration date?Many foods can be eaten past their expiration dates as long as they have been properly stored.
- How long can I keep food in the freezer?Frozen food storage life is about food quality rather than food safety. Keep your freezer at 0°F to slow deterioration. Freezing does not kill bacteria.
- I left food out without refrigeration overnight. Can I still eat it?Two hours is the maximum time perishable food should be at room temperature, including the time spent on the dinner table.
- How long is my food good after my refrigerator or freezer has lost power?If you keep the refrigerator or freezer doors closed, the refrigerator will keep food cold about four hours, and the freezer will keep food cold 24 to 48 hours depending on how full it is.
- What is gluten and how do I avoid it?Gluten is a protein found in some grains such as wheat, triticale, barley, rye and oats. To avoid it, read the ingredients on the labels of foods you buy and make sure servers at restaurants know you want a gluten-free meal.
- What is the difference between organic and conventionally grown foods?Organic-labeled food means the food has been produced without certain kinds of fertilizers and pesticides; certain synthetic additives; or artificial sweeteners, colors, and flavors.
- What does House Bill 2872, the Poultry Bill, do?The Poultry Bill creates an exemption from ODA food establishment licensing requirements for a person who raises and slaughters no more than 1,000 poultry per year, and meets other conditions.
- When did the Poultry Bill go into effect?Gov. John Kitzhaber signed the Poultry Bill in May 2011.
- What species of poultry can be processed under the Poultry Bill?Domesticated species including chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, or guinea fowl. Poultry does not include ratites, endangered or protected species, wild game birds or pet birds.
- How many poultry can be processed under the Poultry Bill?No more than 1,000 per year of all species combined.
- Can I purchase live poultry to process under the Poultry Bill?No, the person performing the slaughter must raise the poultry from two weeks of age or younger.
- Do I have to keep records under the Poultry Bill?Yes, you must maintain clear and understandable records. The records must include who raised the poultry; the year-to-date cumulative total of each species, and total quantity of all species, slaughtered; dates of slaughter; species, quantity and dates of sale; business address; sanitation logs for cleaning and chemical use; etc. Records must be made available for ODA inspection on request.
- Can poultry processed under the Poultry Bill be sold to restaurants or institutions?No, poultry must be sold directly to the end consumer.
- Can I cut up, grind or further process the poultry under the Poultry Bill?No, poultry must be sold as a whole carcass.
- Can poultry under the Poultry Bill enter interstate commerce?No, poultry processed under the Poultry Bill may not enter interstate commerce. This includes selling poultry to out-of-state residents who intend to return to their state with the poultry.
- Are there labeling requirements under the Poultry Bill?Yes, any poultry processed under the Poultry Bill must meet standard labeling requirements outlined in ORS 616.325, plus a statement "This product may not leave the state of Oregon."
- Can I freeze poultry after slaughter to hold for a customer under the Poultry Bill?Yes.
- Are firms processing under the Poultry Bill inspected by the Oregon Department of Agriculture?Firms operating under the Poultry Bill are not routinely inspected by ODA. However, at the Department's discretion, ODA can conduct unscheduled inspections of the facility and its records. Failure to conduct activities in accordance with the Poultry Bill will make a person or poultry business subject to the licensing requirements of ORS 603.025 and 616.706, including all applicable regulations and penalties.
- Do I need to comply with waste disposal requirements under the Poultry Bill?Yes, as much as 20 tons of slaughter and processing waste can be composted on-site annually, as long as it does not adversely affect surface or ground water, without a Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) permit. Or, you can dispose of waste at permitted landfills or into sanitary sewer systems without a DEQ permit.
- Am I required to construct a poultry processing building under the Poultry Bill?If you sell poultry away from the farm, then you must provide a poultry processing building. If you have on-farm sales only (the customer comes to your farm to purchase), then you do not need a poultry processing building, but can use other means to 'reasonably protect the poultry.'
- Are there any current recreational shellfish closures?Each time before you harvest mussels or clams, call the 24-hour shellfish safety information hotline at (800) 448-2474 or check our website.
- Are shellfish safe to harvest and eat?ODA monitors mussels, clams and oysters for paralytic shellfish toxin and domoic acid, two marine toxins that can affect shellfish. ODA might close or open recreational beaches based on these test results. ODA cannot test for all the other substances that could be harmful if eaten, so use your best judgment and only harvest from beaches that are sanitary.
- How often are shellfish tested?ODA tests shellfish for paralytic shellfish toxin and domoic acid from several key sites along the entire coastline. ODA tests at least twice per month during the colder months, and weekly during the warmer months.
- Is crab safe when there is a biotoxin closure?Crab are not filter feeders and do not concentrate the toxins in the tissue or meats. There may be toxins in the viscera (guts) if the toxin levels are high. ODA does monitor crab viscera during toxin closures and will issue warnings when needed.
- Is a license required to harvest shellfish and sell them for human consumption?Yes. An ODA license is required for commercial shellfish harvesting.
- How do I know whether the shellfish I'm buying for my store or restaurant are from licensed sellers?Retail stores and restaurants must obtain shellfish (clams, oysters, mussels and whole scallops) only from certified (licensed) shellfish dealers. A list of licensed dealers is available on our website.
- If I sell shellfish (clams, oysters, mussels, and whole scallops) at my store or serve them at my restaurant, am I required to keep the tags?Yes. Every store and restaurant is required to keep shellfish tags for 90 days in the event of a recall. Use a record keeping system to track dates shellstock were served or sold, and for shucked shellfish you must track the shellfish company name, lot number, and dates the shucked shellfish were served or sold. An invoice will not work for recalls because it does not contain enough information to trace back the shellfish to where they were harvested and which company harvested them.
- How do I start a business in Oregon as a small processor or producer?ODA has specialists who can help small producers or processors. Contact the Salem office at 503-986-4720 for more information.
- What are the domestic kitchen licensing procedures?Review the kitchen licensing webpage and visit the Find My Local Food Inspector page to get the name of the inspector assigned to your ZIP code.
- What are the plan review requirements?Plans for establishments regulated under the Food Code must be submitted to ODA for review and approval before the start of construction or remodeling.
- What are the labeling requirements for packaged foods?Food that is packaged for retail sale must be properly labeled.
- What is required for potlucks, barbeques or mobile food sales?Any establishment operating in connection with any event where food is prepared and served to the public for consumption, whether for sale or free of charge, is required to have a license. A temporary restaurant license is required for events such as fundraisers, events advertised to the public, fairs, carnivals, concerts, festivals, etc. Any homemade food offered at such events to the public must be prepared in a kitchen inspected by the local health department.
- What are the produce stand license requirements?Oregon Administrative Rule 603-025 states that retail vegetable and fruit stands are required to be licensed, except when the produce stand is on the farmer's own property, only fruits and vegetables grown by the owner are sold, and no food processing is done.
- What are the laws regulating animals in food establishments?Oregon laws comply with laws established under the Americans with Disabilities Act. OAR 603-025-0020 states service animals are permitted in areas usually open to the public, such as retail food stores and dining areas. Animals are not permitted in areas where food processing or food preparation is occurring.
- How do I report a possible foodborne illness?To report a suspected foodborne illness, contact your local environmental health department.
- How do I prevent foodborne illness?There are several ways to minimize your risk of foodborne illness: wash your hands; wash fruits and vegetables before eating; store all produce in the refrigerator; avoid cross contamination from raw meats to ready-to-eat foods, such as fruit, salads or cooked foods, by using clean cutting boards for each, separate plates and separate knives; store fresh produce in a separate drawer in your refrigerator, away from raw meats.
- How do I file a food safety complaint?For facilities licensed by Oregon Department of Agriculture (grocery stores, meat markets, warehouses, bakery, food processing plant or dairy), please visit our concerns and complaints webpage. If you have complaints about a restaurant or a food cart, contact your local health department.
- What are the farmers' markets vendor license requirements?Each farmers market operates under its own set of rules. For more information please contact the farmer's market in your area.
- How do I obtain organic certification?The United States Department of Agriculture regulates organic certification of farms, wild crop harvesting, and handling operations that sell agricultural products as organically produced. A certifying agent accredited by the USDA must certify farms or handling operations.
- How do I obtain a letter for food stamps?If you want your retail store to accept food stamps through the federal program called SNAP (supplemental nutrition assistance program), you will need to contact this USDA program at 877-823-4369. SNAP no longer accepts letters from the Food Safety Program, rather they need to see the firm's retail license.
- When did the Farm Direct law go into effect?Jan. 1, 2012. Oregon Department of Agriculture has developed the Farm Direct Marketing Rules under OAR 603-025-0215 though 0275.
- What non-meat farm products can an agricultural producer (farmer) sell without being licensed?Fresh and dried fruits and vegetables, grains, legumes and seeds, eggs and honey. Under certain conditions pickles, sauerkraut, preserves, jams, jellies and syrups may be included.
- Can I make preserves in jars and sell them without a license?If you grow the principal ingredients yourself, the Farm Direct Marketing Rules exempt shelf-stable products, including syrups, jams, preserves, jellies, and canned fruit, from ODA licensing. In some cases pickles, chutneys, relishes, sauerkraut, and some salsas may be sold under this exemption.
- How do I obtain a food handler's card?Local environmental health departments issue food handler cards. Food handler cards are required if you work at an establishment licensed by the local health department. If you work at an establishment licensed by the Oregon Department of Agriculture you are not required to have a food handler's card, but it is recommended.
- What do the Farm Direct Rules mean by acidic food?An acidic food is a bottled, packaged, or canned food that either has a natural equilibrium pH of 4.6 or less, has been lacto-fermented to decrease the equilibrium pH to 4.6 or below, or has a water activity greater than 0.85 and has been acidified to decrease the equilibrium pH to 4.6 or below.
- What ingredients can I purchase (not grow) in producing products under the Farm Direct Marketing Bill?You must grow the principal ingredients, such as strawberries for strawberry jam, and you must make the product (such as jam) yourself. No commingling of principle ingredients is allowed. Only the following ingredients may be purchased to add to your products: herbs, spices, salt, vinegar, pectin, lemon or lime juice, honey and sugar.
- Can I purchase and use garlic, onion, or celery in my Farm Direct product?No. Garlic, onion and celery do not meet the definition of a "spice." You must grow it yourself.
- What is the gross annual sales limitation under the Farm Direct Bill?There is a $20,000 sales limit on producer processed acidic products under the Farm Direct Bill. If you exceed this you must either get licensed or transfer production to a licensed co-processor. The $20,000 is calculated by adding together all the gross sales of all acidic products for the calendar year.
- Do I need to maintain production records for products produced under the Farm Direct Marketing Bill?Records for acidified foods must use a recognized process and include finished product batch testing for pH, and pH meter calibration records. Farm Direct marketers must keep processing, production, deviation and sales records. Records must be maintained three years and be made available to the ODA upon request.
- Can I sell canned foods other than acidic foods under the Farm Direct Rules?No. Canned goods must have a pH below 4.6. Canned foods with a pH higher than 4.6 (such as peppers, green beans and corn) pose a substantial risk of botulism and other food safety concerns, and must be processed by a licensed and inspected processor.
- Under the Farm Direct Bill, how will I know if my canned products are safe?Agricultural producers must ensure all canned products have a finished pH at or below 4.6. If the pH is below 4.6 and the product has been heat-treated it is generally considered to be safe. Producers must monitor and record the pH of each batch. Acidified foods must be processed using a recognized process and product formulation.
- Are there labeling requirements under the Farm Direct Rules?Yes, all state and federal labeling requirements apply: list of ingredients, net weight, name and address of the agricultural producer. Additionally, products must be labeled with “THIS PRODUCT IS HOMEMADE AND IS NOT PREPARED IN AN INSPECTED FOOD ESTABLISHMENT” and “NOT FOR RESALE”. Some products have additional labeling requirements. * This wording does not pertain to honey extractors with 20 or fewer hives.
- Can I dry what I grow if I want to sell it without a license?Yes. Farm Direct Marketing Rules allow agricultural producers to sell fruits, vegetables and herbs they have grown, harvested and dried, without a license. A license is not required to sell nuts grown, harvested, cured or dried, and cracked by agricultural producers.
- What are the honey extractor license requirements?If you extract only your honey, and sell only directly to the consumer, you are exempt from ODA licensing under the Farm Direct Bill. If you have 20 or fewer colonies and extract only their honey, and you sell either direct to the consumer or wholesale, you are considered a hobbyist and are exempt from licensing, but you must submit an application for exemption to the ODA. Any beekeeper, with 21 or more colonies, extracting and selling wholesale honey is required to be licensed as a food processor.
- How do the Farm Direct Rules affect the sale of eggs?Producers selling only to retail customers do not need a Food Safety Program license, regardless of the number of eggs sold. Labeling requirements apply regardless of number of eggs sold. If you sell eggs under consignment there are additional rules.
- Can I sell items under consignment under the Farm Direct Rules?Consignment means selling products for another agricultural producer from the same county, or an adjoining county. Products must be represented as being from the original producer and must be properly labeled. Consignment is limited to fresh fruits, vegetables and herbs, unshelled nuts, honey, and dried products such as garlic or potatoes, where drying or curing is routine post-harvest processing. Eggs have additional rules.
- Can I direct-market grains and legumes that I have grown under the Farm Direct Rules?Agricultural producers can grow and process for farm direct sale whole, hulled, crushed or ground grains, legumes and seeds, plus parched or roasted grains—if of a type customarily cooked before eating. These products must be labeled.
- May I sell my poultry at the farmers' market?Firms that qualify under House Bill 2872 may be eligible to sell poultry at the farmers' market. If you qualify under House Bill 2872, any poultry offered for sale at farmers' markets must be processed at a facility that meets Oregon Department of Agriculture building requirements.
- What types of products can be processed at the market under the Farm Direct Rules?If you grow it, you can roast your own peppers, nuts, and corn on the cob and pop your own corn at the farmers' markets, as long as these items are not sold for immediate consumption. If you want to sell for immediate consumption, you must contact your local public health authority.
- How do the Farm Direct Rules affect the organizations that run farmers markets?Organizations that manage a group of farm direct marketers and their spaces are not required to be licensed, unless they are selling food not included in the Farm Direct Rule exemption.
- Can I "open-air" slaughter in Oregon?If you sell directly to the consumer no more than 1,000 poultry per year, then you are exempt from licensing, and you may need only minimal facilities to slaughter your birds. Poultry must be reasonably protected, which can be accomplished with a combination of canopies, tarps and floor mats. Specific requirements are outlined in rule.
- How do I start a business under the Farm Direct Bill?ODA has a specialist who can help producers or processors with questions about the Farm Direct Bill. Contact Sarah Schwab at 503-508-6028.
- Can fruits or vegetables be frozen or freeze dried and sold under the Farm Direct Bill? No, that is considered processing.
- How do I make a public record request?Follow the guidelines for requesting records and submit your request to the Director's Office.
- I'm a reporter and I need information about Oregon agriculture. With whom do I speak about a media question?Contact the director of communications, 503-986-4559.
- Where can I find agricultural statistics?Agricultural statistics for the state of Oregon can be found in the ODA Agripedia and through the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS).
- Do I have a brown recluse spider in my house?Brown recluse spiders are not known to occur in Oregon. They live in the south central Midwest from Nebraska to Ohio and south through Texas to Georgia.
- How do I get rid of brown marmorated stink bugs (BMSB)?The best solution is to prevent their entry into your home in the first place by sealing gaps and openings to the outside with weather-stripping, caulking, or other methods. ODA is rearing and distributing parasites of BMSB eggs (samurai wasps). Over time, this should result in lower populations of BMSB.
- I think I found a spongy moth in my yard. What do I do and whom do I call?Collect it (put it in a closed container) and have it identified. You may take a photo and email it to one of the entomological staff, submit a photo using our online report and identification form, or bring it to our Salem office.
- I think I found Asian longhorned beetles. What do I do and whom do I call?Collect it (put it in a closed container) and have it identified. You may take a photo and email it to one of the entomological staff, submit a photo using our online report and identification form, or bring it to our Salem office.
- Can you identify an insect over the phone or from a photo?In most cases it is difficult to identify an insect over the phone. It is best to collect it (put it in a closed container) and send an image. You may take a photo and email it to one of the entomological staff, or submit a photo using our online report and identification form, take the specimen to your county OSU extension office, or may bring it to our Salem office.
- What is that trap hanging on my tree?The IPPM program places a variety of insect detection traps in Oregon each year. You can call us to identify the insect trap or see our photos online. Most of the traps placed in residential trees are for the spongy moth.
- There are bugs in my firewood. Whom should I call?Catch some of the insects emerging from your firewood. You can submit a photo using our online report and identification form. If the insect or beetle is thought to be an exotic, invasive pest, we may ask you to bring it in for identification.
- What are these tiny bugs crawling all over me that I can't see?There are not many arthropods that live on or feed on humans. Many insects you see on your body probably are there by accident, especially if you have been outdoors brushing up against plants. After you brush away the insects, you won't be bothered anymore. If you continue to be bothered by insects crawling on you, the pest will need to be identified before we can determine what would help. If an arthropod is not identified as the source of the problem, it may be caused by several medical conditions. In general, ODA identifies insects associated with plants and not humans. For more information, contact your physician or the dermatology department at OHSU, (503) 418-3376.
- Is it okay to sell or move firewood?There are restrictions on the movement of firewood to prevent the transport of invasive species. Section 3 states that no person shall transport, by any means, untreated firewood into the State of Oregon, for sale or use within the State from any location outside of the Pacific Northwest. We recommend that firewood is moved no further than 50 miles within the state.
- There are insects/bedbugs in my rental and the landlord will not help me. What can I do?The ODA entomology laboratory can positively identify insect pests, including bedbugs. We do not engage in renter/landlord disputes or control measures, as these are not under our jurisdiction. You will need to find legal or other sources of help in resolving this problem.
- Do I need a permit to purchase live insects?You do not need a permit to purchase live insects that are on the Oregon Approved Insect List or are native to Oregon.
- Do I need a permit to sell insects?If the insects you are selling are on the Oregon Approved Insect List or native to Oregon, you do not need a permit to sell them.
- Which insects may I import, possess, sell, purchase, exchange or transport in the state?Insects that are on the Oregon Approved Insect List may be imported, sold, bred, and kept in the state. Species native to Oregon are not restricted, except as per the Endangered Species Act.
- What are the webs that I see in my trees? Are they spongy moth?These webs are created by the fall webworm, a native insect that is widespread in Western Oregon. The adults are moths about three-quarters of an inch long and mostly white. They come out of their cocoons in June, mate, and then lay eggs on a variety of trees, including alder, apple, ash, cherry, cottonwood, poplar, walnut, and madrone. Three key differences between spongy moth (formerly referred to as gypsy moth) and fall webworm are: spongy moth caterpillars don’t make webs, the two species are found during different times of the year, and spongy moths are not native to Oregon.
- My house/window and door screens are covered with boxelder bugs. What can I do?Boxelder bugs are a native species that over-winter as adults in protected areas such as garages and cracks and crevices in homes. They can be a nuisance from fall through early spring. There aren’t many effective options for control. Solutions include sealing gaps in any building crevices or openings, call a pest control company, or use a vacuum inside the house. Although they can be a nuisance, they won’t damage your house (they are not structural pests). Their populations vary in number year to year. Boxelder bugs don’t bite or sting and won't get into your food.
- What are all of the little insects in my kitchen?Small beetles or small moths in your kitchen may be stored products pests. These are pests that feed on foods that are stored in containers or boxes such as whole grains, flour, pasta, cereal, dried fruit, chocolate, wild bird seed, or pet food. The best way to eliminate the insects is to find the source of the infestation in your stored foods. Check the containers for webbing, powder, or small insects or larvae. Anything that is contaminated should be disposed of outside of the home. If possible, place the contaminated food in the freezer for several days before disposing. To prevent future infestation, keep all foods in tightly-sealed containers. Keep pantries, kitchen cabinets, and other food storage areas free of food debris.
- I have a swarm of aggressive bees. Are they African(ized)?First you should identify whether you have a swarm of honeybees or wasps. Honeybees that are swarming are generally not aggressive. They have just gorged on honey and do not have a home to defend. In Oregon, it is unlikely that the bees are Africanized. They are known to occur near Sacramento, California and parts of Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma. Africanized bees can only be distinguished from European honeybees by laboratory analysis. You should stay at least 20 to 30 feet away from the swarm. Call a pest control company for bee removal, call a local beekeeper, or wait until the swarm leaves on their own. A swarm may continue for several days.
- What are these insects all over the outside of my house?Some insects may land on your house to warm in the sun or to seek refuge in cracks and crevices for the winter. The most noticeable insects that aggregate on houses in Oregon are the multicolored Asian ladybird beetle, cluster fly, grass bug, boxelder bug, and brown marmorated stink bug.
- I've been bitten by an insect/spider. Can ODA identify it?If you are stung or bitten by an insect or other arthropod, ODA can identify it if you catch it and properly preserve it. Collect it (put it in a closed container) and have it identified. You may take a photo and email it to one of the entomological staff, submit a photo using our online report and identification form, or bring it to our Salem office. Identification cannot be made based on the bite alone.
- Which insects do we want to keep out of Oregon?There are many invasive insects we want to keep out of Oregon. See the link for the 100 worst invasive species.
- Which pests are of national concern?The National Invasive Species Council provides information about invasive species and what is being done at the national level. Links within this site provide detailed information about invasive pests, as well as government programs working on this problem.
- How can I help to keep Oregon free of damaging or invasive insects?You can keep your eyes open for any new, or unfamiliar insects in your area and report any sightings of concern. If you travel out-of-state, do not bring any fruits, vegetables, or plants back into Oregon unless they have been inspected. Do not bring untreated firewood into Oregon. If you are traveling in a car, RV, or with a boat, make sure you, or a border inspector checks thoroughly for egg masses, pupal cases, or mussels before re-entering the state.
- I'm a beekeeper. Do I need to register my hives?Every person who owns five or more colonies of bees in Oregon is required to register the colonies with the Oregon Department of Agriculture. Annual apiary registration is $10 plus $0.50 per colony.
- What is the Produce Safety Rule and why is it needed? The Produce Safety Rule is part of the Food Safety Modernization Act. It focuses on agricultural water, domestic and wild animals, biological soil amendments of animal origin, cleaning and sanitization of equipment, tools, and buildings, and worker health and hygiene.
The goal of the Produce Safety Rule is to reduce foodborne outbreaks from consuming fresh produce.
- How do I know if my farm needs to comply with the Produce Safety Rule? Not all farms have to follow the requirements of the Produce Safety Rule. Very small farms and farms that sell to specific types of buyers may qualify for an exclusion or an exemption. Certain crops are also not covered by the Produce Safety Rule.
You can visit ODA’s decision tool to check your farm’s status or contact the Produce Safety Team at produce.safety@oda.oregon.gov or 503-986-4620.
- When does my farm need to comply with the Produce Safety Rule? All of the requirements under the rule are in effect, with the exception of the Agricultural Water portion (Subpart E). Thus, all farms subject to the Produce Safety Rule now must be following the requirements.
FDA will be updating the water portion of the rule (Subpart E) in 2021, so this section is currently on hold. This means farms do not have to take water samples according to the rule until this section is finalized by FDA.
- What do I need to do to be compliant with the Produce Safety Rule?The rule requires employee training, record keeping, equipment cleaning and sanitizing, risk assessment, and monitoring activities. Farms that are subject to the rule will also have a routine FDA-led inspection.
Covered farms are required to have at least one responsible party complete training on the rule. The best first step is to attend a Produce Safety Alliance Training.
- What kind of technical assistance is available?ODA works with growers on a confidential basis to assist them with understanding how the Produce Safety rule applies on their farm. Technical assistance is voluntary, free and can be in-person, over the phone, or online. Contact the Produce Safety Team at produce.safety@oda.oregon.gov or at 503-986-4620 to find out more.
- How is the Produce Safety Rule different from a USDA Good Agricultural Practices Audit? The Produce Safety Rule is a federal regulatory program. This means, if your facility is subject to the rule, there is no opting out. If a farm does a USDA Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) audit and is also subject to the Produce Safety Rule, the farm must follow the requirements of both.
There are many third-party food safety audits beyond the USDA GAP audit. Even if your farm is participating in another audit like a PRIMUS, GlobalGAP, USDA Harmonized GAP, etc. you are required to follow the Produce Safety Rule and the other audit standards.
- Do I need a listed plant permit or consultation?Depends on who you are, what you want to do, and where you want to do it. In general, if you are planning an activity that involves a listed plant or takes place on non-federal public land, check first with ODA.
- Do I need to survey for listed plants before starting a ground or vegetation-disturbing project?You need to survey for listed plant species if your project is located on non-federal public land, and there is potential listed species habitat within the project impact area.
- How do I petition to list, reclassify, or delist a plant in Oregon?Submit a complete petition with supporting documentation to the ODA Director's office.
- What are the various types of nursery and Christmas tree licenses?The Nursery and Christmas Tree Program issues four types of licenses: retail nursery license, greenhouse/herbaceous plant nursery license, wholesale nursery, and Christmas tree license. The retail nursery license is used by retail dealers, florists, and landscapers who do not grow or propagate plant material but instead sell plant material grown by other nurseries. Individuals growing or propagating plants in only a hothouse or greenhouse should select a greenhouse nursery license. A wholesale nursery is one that propagates or grows plants in the field or in pots and typically sells to other nurseries or landscapers. The wholesale nursery also might have greenhouses and one sales location. Growers of conifers intended for use as cut Christmas-trees must obtain a Christmas tree license.
- What if my truck filled with nursery products is held at the border?If you have a truck being held at an international border (e.g. Canada) and need assistance, a “Held Export” form must be filled out and faxed to 503-986-4786 or emailed to the ODA at Nursery@oda.state.or.us. For shipments being held at a state border contact the Nursery and Christmas Tree Program at 503-986-4644.
- What is a plant import permit?A plant import permit is an official document listing requirements and restrictions from the receiving country. Please check with your area horticulturist for requirements. For detailed information, review our import permit information.
- What is a plant shipping permit?An Oregon shipping permit is a certificate issued by ODA that certifies the plant material is regularly inspected and found free of dangerous pests and diseases. Plant material shipped out of state must be accompanied by a shipping permit.
- How can I have a plant pest or pathogen identified?Licensees of nurseries and Christmas tree businesses should contact their nursery inspector for assistance in the identification of plant pests or pathogens. The ODA entomology staff do accept identification requests from the general public and their laboratory is located at our Salem office. We encourage the general public to contact the Oregon State University Plant Clinic for disease identification (https://bpp.oregonstate.edu/plant-clinic). The Oregon Department of Forestry (Urban Forestry & Forest Health) specialize in diagnosing tree diseases of common urban and forest species, respectively. Oregon State University Extension publishes The Pacific Northwest Management Handbooks, which are excellent resources on common pest & pathogens in our region (https://pnwhandbooks.org/). Please note that your local OSU Extension agent or Master Gardener are also excellent resources for pest & disease identification.
- What is the brown garden snail?The brown garden snail (BGS), Cantareus aspersus (formerly Helix aspersa), is an exotic pest that feeds on a wide variety of plants, including cereals, vegetables, and ornamentals. Native to western Europe and the Mediterranean, BGS has spread throughout the world because of its use as a food source and the movement of infested nursery stock.
- What is PCIT?Phytosanitary Certification Issuance and Tracking, PCIT, is a web-based certification program administered by the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS). All exporters of nursery and Christmas tree stock are required to use the PCIT system to submit requests for state and federal phytosanitary certificates and other export certificates. For detailed information, review exporting plant material.
- Importing plants: What is the Notification Rule?Recipients of nursery and Christmas tree stock imported into Oregon from any out-of-state source are required to notify the Oregon Department of Agriculture. Notifications can be made via:
Mail: Oregon Department of Agriculture, 635 Capitol Street NE, Suite 100, Salem, Oregon 97301
Fax: 503-986-4786
Email: Quarantine@oda.state.or.us
The notification must be received by the ODA no earlier than two business days before the arrival of the shipment and no later than two days after its arrival. Notification shall include:
- Source of plants (Shipper’s contact information)
- Recipient’s contact information
- Species
- Quantity
- I’m interested in growing ginseng. How do I get started?Ginseng is an endangered plant and it is regulated by an international treaty (CITES) to prevent over-harvest. Commercial sales and interstate movement of ginseng require certificates of origin. You can grow ginseng for personal use or direct-to-consumer sales, within the state, without a license. If, however, you want to grow and sell it wholesale, you need a license from the Oregon Department of Agriculture that costs $25 per year. Certificates of origin are supplied to licensees upon request and licensees must report harvest and sales figures, annually. Oregon’s ginseng management program rules are available under OAR 603-060.
- What is a phytosanitary certificate?A phytosanitary certificate is a document issued by a certified state or federal official that verifies that plants have been inspected and are free from pests, pathogens, and invasive weeds of concern to the importing state or country. All applications for certificates must be done online through the PCIT system.
- This is the first year my farm/operation will be organic certified. I already have paid fees for my certification, but have not had my inspection. Can I apply for reimbursement?No, you must wait until your certification process is completed and you have proof of your certification from your certifier.
- How do I get onto the Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System (PCIT) to apply for a Phytosanitary Certificate?Go to USDA APHIS Application Access website. Select "New to this site?"
- I want to sell seeds. Do I need a license?Retail and wholesale licenses are required. Please call 503-983-4620 or email rblack@oda.state.or.us for more information.
- How do I update a pest and disease (P&D) lab test or add another test to my seed lot?Please send the lab report number, lot number, and your requested update to seedservices@oda.state.or.us.
- How do I get a verification record that my seed has been treated, blended, or fumigated?ODA offers official verification of seed processes. Please send written request using forms posted on our website.
- What is the acceptable tolerance level for Endophyte fungus in forage grass seed?See OAR 603-56-145 table 1 online. Please call 503-983-4620 for more information.
- How do I make a smoke complaint?The smoke management complaint line is 503-986-4709.
- What is the phone number for the daily agricultural burn advisory?Call the grower's line for the Smoke Management Program, 503-986-4755.
- Whom do I call with questions regarding the ODA Smoke Management Program?Call the Smoke Management Program, 503-986-4701.
- When is backyard burning allowed?Local Fire Departments regulate backyard burning; interested parties should call them for information.
- How do I know whether I am an agricultural burner?Call the Smoke Management Program, 503-986-4701.
- Whom do I call about slash burning?Oregon Department of Forestry regulates slash burning.
- What can't I burn?According to the Department of Environmental Quality, you can't burn tires (including tires to start a fire), plastics, decomposable garbage (organic material, paper), petroleum and petroleum treated materials, asphalt and asphalt treated materials, chemical (pesticides, cleaners, detergents) or any material that produces black or dense smoke.
- What can I burn?Inside a special control area, you may burn: yard debris, such as wood, needles, or leaves from plants grown on the property. Outside of a special control area, construction waste (lumber, creates, etc.), demolition waste (includes land-clearing debris), and domestic waste (includes yard debris).
- What is a special control area for agricultural burning?A special control area is a place within three miles of a city boundary with a population greater than 1,000, but less than 45,000 people. It also is any area within six miles of a city with a population greater than 45,000 people.
- What are Soil and Water Conservation Districts?Soil and Water Conservation Districts are local government agencies charged with directing programs to protect local renewable natural resources.
- How do I contact my local Soil and Water Conservation District?You can find your local soil and water conservation district name and contact information on the Agricultural Water Quality Program interactive map.
- Where can I find technical assistance resources for soil and water conservation districts?The Soil and Water Conservation District Program provides many technical resources directly on this website, or you may call any of the SWCD program staff.
- What is a noxious weed?A plant designated by a governmental agency to be injurious to public health, agriculture, recreation, wildlife, or property, or specifically in Oregon: “a terrestrial, aquatic or marine plant designated by the State Weed Board…as among those representing the greatest public menace and as a top priority for action by weed control programs. (ORS 569.175)” Most noxious weeds are non-native plants that are serious pests causing economic loss and harm to the environment. Noxious weeds choke out crops, destroy range and pasture lands, clog waterways, affect human and animal health, and threaten native plant communities.
ODA staff complete risk assessments on plants that are potential threats, then present the findings to the Oregon State Weed Board, which votes whether or not to add them to the noxious weed list.
- How do I find out whether a plant I am selling is a noxious weed?Review the Noxious Weed Control Program’s state noxious weed list and program site. Noxious weed lists for other states can be found on the National Plant Board Laws and Regulations website.
- Are noxious weeds considered noxious or invasive in their host countries?For the most part, no. These plants have existed for centuries in their host county, but their populations have been kept to manageable levels naturally by other plant competition, insects, pathogens and a host of other predators. When plant populations in these countries of origin increase, insects and other predators increase accordingly to help keep them in check.
- How did noxious weeds get here and where did they come from?Most of Oregon’s least desirable weeds are of Mediterranean, European, and Asian origin. The introduction of non-native invasive plants has increased dramatically in the past decade because of the increased ease and speed of world travel and the expansion of global commerce. Local spread of noxious weeds can be natural by wind, water, and animals; but human activities such as, recreation, vehicle travel, and the movement of contaminated equipment, products, and livestock often greatly increase the distance and rate of dispersal.
- Is butterfly bush a listed noxious weed?Yes, except for specific approved varieties listed on ODA’s Nursery Program page. If you planted your butterfly bush before it was listed (2004), you do not have remove it, but it is advisable to deadhead the plants after blooming to prevent the seeds from spreading whenever possible. Better yet, replace your butterfly bush with some native or non-invasive plants. Your local nurseries can help you choose a range of shrubs to replace your butterfly bush.
- How can I get my neighbors to control their weeds?Try talking to your neighbors first to explain the importance of controlling weeds and share information from our noxious weed profiles with them to help explain the problem. If that is not helpful, you can check with your local government entities about codes or regulations that mandate weed control. Homeowner associations may also require members to control noxious weeds. Local Soil and Water Conservation Districts and Watershed Councils can be great resources to help educate neighbors and can sometimes provide control assistance as well. Property owners are required by law to report any Oregon “A”-listed noxious weed within 48 hours. ODA will work closely with them on developing a plan that they are comfortable with to control the “A” listed weeds, and can offer assistance at no cost.
- Has there been a resurgence of tansy ragwort in the Willamette Valley?Tansy does best when a winter drought was followed by a warm wet spring, which creates the conditions for seed germination. Tansy in Western Oregon is targeted for biocontrol and eradication in Eastern Oregon. Tansy has made a big comeback in some parts of the Willamette Valley. Tansy thrives where grazing, logging, or fire disproportionately restrict native plants.
Tansy is often a symptom of overgrazing or rodent tillage opening room for seed bank germination.Seeds can still form if treatment is conducted during full bloom, wasting time and money. Treatments before bolting are best.
- How can I apply for a Noxious Weed Control Program grant?Competitive grant funding is available for on-the-ground weed control projects through the Oregon State Weed Board, and must be for state listed noxious weeds. Each year online applications open in October, are due in December, and are awarded the following February.
- Whom do I call with noxious weed control questions?Local ODA Noxious Weed Control specilists are experts in integrated weed management and are familiar to the counties and areas in which they serve. Additionally, there are other agencies or groups in Oregon that can help with your weed control questions. Be an active participant in preserving Oregon's natural resources by knowing the invasive plant fighters in your area.
- Where can I find the weed distribution in the state?ODA's Weedmapper is a tool that allows you to access mapped noxious weed distribution in the state. Follow the simple user guide see weed profiles and locations.
- What is an NPDES permit and do I need it?The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) has a Clean Water Act permit requirement for certain pesticide applications, in, over, or near waters of the state. A National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) pesticide general permit is required by a federal court order and is implemented in Oregon by the DEQ under an agreement with the EPA.
- Do I have to license my scale or meter?If you are going to use your scale or meter commercially then you may need to license your device.
- How do I get a license for my scale or meter?Complete the application, pay the fee, and complete the placed in service report.
- Which scales or meters can I license?You may license a device that is legal for trade and has a valid NTEP certificate of conformance. It also must be suitable for the intended use.
- Where can I purchase a sale or meter?Call the Weights & Measures Office, 503-986-4670 for a list of service companies in your area.
- How much will it cost to license my weighing or measuring device?Fees are listed with the individual license type or Call the Weights & Measures Office, 503-986-4670.
- How do I schedule a scale or meter test?Contact the Weights & Measures inspector in your area directly to schedule a test. Find a staff directory on our website or call Weights & Measures Office, 503-986-4670.
- What is a Placed in Service Report?Placed in Service means to install any weighing or measuring device used commercially or intended to be used commercially.
- What does NTEP mean?The National Type Evaluation Program (NTEP) is an evaluation program administered by the National Conference on Weights & Measures. Type evaluation is the process whereby weighting and measuring devices are examined to determine whether the performance, operating characteristic, features, and options of a particular device complies with the NIST Handbook 44.
- Where can I obtain a Placed in Service Report?We can email, fax, or mail one to you. Or, you can download a Placed in Service Report from our website.
- When do I need to renew my license?All licenses with the Weights & Measures Program are issued July 1 and expire June 30 of the following year. License fees are not prorated.
- Can I transfer my license to someone else?Weights & Measures Program licenses are transferable. Please send written notification of change of ownership to ODA Licensing.
- Where do I file a complaint for firewood shortage?Firewood complaints fall under the jurisdiction of Department of Justice.
- My scale was rejected. Now what?Complete the required repair, fill out, and return the rejection tag. Your scale is approved for use. A re-inspection may occur to verify the repair.
- Can I use my scale at a farmers' market?Yes, if it is licensed and approved.
- Can I sell fruits and vegetables without a scale?Yes. Call and we can send you our brochure on recommended methods of sale. Or, you can download the brochure from our website.
- Can I get my repair order tag extended?Yes, office staff can extend your tag for two weeks. If you need additional time, contact your inspector.