Surveys of historic and archaeological resources are important to the citizens of Oregon because they help us identify significant buildings and sites, and focus our limited resources on their preservation. Mandated by the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, and Amendments, surveys are carried out and supported by the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), as well as by historic preservation professionals on contract to other state agencies, local governments, and businesses.

A survey is the process of gathering and recording information about cultural resources. Once recorded, resources are listed in the statewide inventory maintained by the SHPO and on city or county inventories maintained by local jurisdictions. Conducting surveys and creating an inventory of resources are usually the first steps leading to local recognition and preservation of those resources most important to our state and local heritage.